B.Tech Regulations at Teegala Krishna Reddy Engineering College

Teegala Krishna Reddy Engineering College (TKREC) is a premier institution located in Meerpet, Hyderabad. Established with a vision to impart quality education and foster technical excellence, the college offers undergraduate programs in various Engineering disciplines. The B.Tech programs at TKREC are typically conducted under the affiliation of Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad (JNTUH). Consequently, the college follows the regulations and academic curriculum prescribed by the university, which are updated periodically to meet the evolving standards of technical education and industry requirements.

Academic Structure and Duration

The Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) program is designed as a four-year undergraduate course. The academic structure is organized into eight semesters, with two semesters per academic year. Each semester typically spans 16 to 18 weeks of instruction, followed by end-semester examinations. The medium of instruction and examination is English.

The choice-based credit system (CBCS) is a standard feature in the current regulations (often referred to as R20 or the latest applicable ordinance). This system provides students with a degree of flexibility in choosing elective courses, allowing them to tailor their education to their specific interests and career goals. The program structure includes a mix of core courses, professional electives, open electives, laboratory courses, and a project work component.

Credit System and Course Load

The academic workload is measured in terms of credits. Each course is assigned a specific number of credits based on the number of instruction hours per week. Generally:

• Theory Courses: 3 credits (typically 3 periods of instruction per week).
• Practical/Laboratory Courses: 2 credits (typically 3 or 4 periods of practical work per week).
• Project Work: 2 credits per semester during the final year.

To successfully complete the B.Tech program and be awarded the degree, a student must accumulate a minimum total number of credits, usually ranging between 160 to 180 credits, depending on the specific branch of engineering and the regulation year in effect.

Evaluation Scheme

The evaluation of a student's performance is continuous and comprehensive, divided into two main components: Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) and Semester End Examination (SEE).

1. Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE)

The internal assessment aims to evaluate the student's consistent performance throughout the semester. For theory subjects, the CIE generally consists of 20 marks, though this can vary slightly based on the specific ordinance. The components of internal evaluation typically include:

• Mid-Semester Examinations: Usually two mid-term exams are conducted. The average of the two tests often carries significant weightage.
• Assignments/Quizzes: Regular assignments or online quizzes may be conducted to test understanding of specific topics.
• Class Participation/Seminars: In some courses, participation in discussions or presenting seminars may contribute to the internal marks.

For laboratory courses, the internal evaluation is based on the record of experiments performed, viva-voce conducted during the lab sessions, and the output or results achieved. The CIE for practicals is generally conducted out of a specific mark allocation (e.g., 30 or 50 marks depending on the regulation), which is later scaled.

2. Semester End Examination (SEE)

The university conducts the end-semester examinations for theory subjects. The question paper is usually set for 70 or 80 marks (depending on whether the course is 3 or 4 credits), matching the external assessment component. The duration of the exam is generally three hours. The question paper is designed to test the student's understanding of the entire syllabus prescribed for that semester.

Grading System

TKREC, following JNTUH norms, employs a relative grading system or a 10-point absolute grading system depending on the specific regulation year. The performance of a student is indicated by two indices:

• Semester Grade Point Average (SGPA): This is the weighted average of the grade points obtained in all the courses registered by the student during a specific semester.
• Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA): This is the weighted average of the grade points obtained in all the courses registered by the student across all semesters completed up to that point of time.

The grades are awarded based on the range of marks obtained (internal + external). A typical 10-point scale includes O (Outstanding), A+ (Excellent), A (Very Good), B+ (Good), B (Average), C (Fair), D (Pass), and F (Fail). Each grade is associated with a grade point (e.g., O = 10, A+ = 9, etc.).

Attendance Requirements

Attendance is a critical aspect of the academic regulations. Students are required to attend all classes, laboratory sessions, and seminars as per the timetable. To be eligible to appear for the semester end examinations, a student must fulfill the minimum attendance requirement.

The stipulated minimum attendance is 75% of the classes held in each subject. However, the college and university regulations may allow a condonation of attendance up to 10% (i.e., allowing eligibility with 65% attendance) on medical grounds or genuine reasons, subject to the payment of a condonation fee. Shortage of attendance beyond the permissible limit will make the student ineligible to write the exam for that specific subject in that semester.

Promotion Rules

The promotion from one year to the next is governed by specific rules to ensure students maintain academic progress. While specific regulations can vary, the general pattern under the CBCS framework is as follows:

• From I Year to II Year: A student is promoted to the second year irrespective of the number of backlogs they have in the first year.
• From II Year to III Year: A student must secure a certain number of credits from the first and second year combined to be promoted to the third year. Usually, they should have cleared a minimum of 50% of the credits of the first two years.
• From III Year to IV Year: Similarly, promotion to the final year requires the student to have cleared a substantial portion of the credits from the previous three years.

Students who fail to clear certain subjects carry them as "backlogs." They are permitted to write the supplementary examinations (commonly conducted a few months after the regular exams) to clear these subjects.

Award of Degree

The B.Tech degree is awarded to students who have successfully completed the entire course of study, fulfilling all credit requirements within the stipulated maximum duration. The maximum duration allowed to complete a B.Tech degree is usually double the standard duration (i.e., 8 years). Students who secure a high CGPA (often above 8.5 or 9.0) are awarded the degree with distinctions or first class with honors, depending on the university regulations. Ranks are sometimes awarded based on the aggregate marks of successful candidates.

Summer Internships and Industrial Training

To bridge the gap between academic learning and industry application, the regulations may mandate industrial training or summer internships. Students are often required to undergo a 4 to 6-week internship during the summer break after the 2nd or 3rd year. This training is usually evaluated through a report submission and presentation/viva-voce, and credits are awarded for the satisfactory completion of this program.

Discipline and Code of Conduct

Students at Teegala Krishna Reddy Engineering College are expected to maintain high standards of discipline and conduct. The college has strict anti-ragging policies in accordance with the Supreme Court and UGC guidelines. Any violation of these rules results in severe disciplinary action, including expulsion. Compliance with the laboratory safety protocols, library rules, and examination malpractice policies is mandatory.

The regulations are designed to ensure a structured yet flexible academic environment, empowering students to become competent engineers ready to face the challenges of the professional world. Students are advised to consult the specific academic ordinance for their batch (e.g., R20, R22) available on the college notice board or official website for the most precise and legal details regarding their degree program.