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Bihar General Knowledge Questions & Answers

Introduction

Bihar, located in the eastern part of India, is a state rich in history, culture, and political significance. It has produced great scholars, leaders, and freedom fighters. Whether you are preparing for competitive exams, school quizzes, or simply wish to learn more about the Land of Buddha, this page provides concise yet comprehensive answers to the most frequently asked generalknowledge questions about Bihar.

Geography

1. What is the capital of Bihar?

Answer: Patna.

2. Which river is known as the lifeline of Bihar?

Answer: The Ganges (Ganga) flows across the state and is the most important water resource for agriculture, irrigation and daily life.

3. Name the two major tributaries of the Ganges that flow through Bihar.

Answer: The Gandak (also called the Narayani) and the Kosi.

4. Which district has the highest population density?

Answer: Patna district, with a density exceeding 1,600 persons per square kilometre (as per the 2011 Census).

5. List the states that share a border with Bihar.

Uttar Pradesh (west)
Jharkhand (south)
West Bengal (east)
Nepal (north)

History & Heritage

6. Which ancient university was located in modernday Bihar?

Answer: Nalanda University, founded in the 5th century CE.

7. The birthplace of Lord Buddha is situated in which district?

Answer: Lumbini is in Nepal, but the historical site of Gautam Buddhas early life Bodh Gaya is in Gaya district, Bihar.

8. Who was the first Chief Minister of Bihar after independence?

Answer: Shri Shri Krishna Singh (often called Sri Babu). He served from 1946 to 1961.

9. Which famous freedom fighter from Bihar led the Champaran Satyagraha?

Answer: Mahatma Gandhi, though the movement was organised with the help of local leaders like Rajendra Prasad and Dr. Rajendra Prasads father, RajendraSingh.

10. Name the historic fort built by Sher Shah Suri near Patna.

Answer: Shergarh (also known as the Sher Shah Suri Fort) located in Sasaram.

Politics & Administration

11. How many Lok Sabha constituencies are there in Bihar?

Answer: 40 parliamentary constituencies.

12. Who is the current Chief Minister of Bihar? (as of 2024)

Answer: Shri Nitish Kumar (served multiple terms, most recently reelected in 2024).

13. Which party has the largest representation in the Bihar Legislative Assembly after the 2025 elections?

Answer: The Janata Dal (United) JD(U) led the coalition that secured the majority.

14. Name the two major regional political parties of Bihar.

Janata Dal (United) JD(U)
Rashtriya Janata Dal RJD

15. Which district is the seat of the Supreme Court of Indias Patna High Court?

Answer: Patna district.

Economy & Industry

16. What is the primary agricultural product of Bihar?

Answer: Rice, followed closely by wheat, maize, and lentils.

17. Which industry is Patna especially known for?

Answer: Handicrafts, especially Madhubani painting (originating from the Mithila region).

18. Name the major power project located in the state.

Answer: The North Bihar Power Project at Barauni.

19. What is the name of the special economic zone (SEZ) in Bihar?

Answer: Bihar Industrial Area Development Authority (BIADA) has created several SEZs, the most prominent being the Patna SEZ.

20. Which rivers water is used for the Koshi Project?

Answer: The Kosi River an extensive embankment and floodcontrol scheme.

Culture & Festivals

21. What is the traditional folk dance of the Mithila region?

Answer: Jat-Jatin (also called Jat-Jatin dance).

22. Name the famous festival celebrated in the city of Rajgir.

Answer: Rajgir Mahotsav, a cultural extravaganza featuring classical music, dance and theater.

23. Which sweet is a specialty of Bihar?

Answer: Lakshmanbhog (a type of sweet pulao) and Khaja from Darbhanga.

24. What language, besides Hindi, is widely spoken in Bihar?

Answer: Maithili, Bhojpuri, and Magahi are major regional languages.

25. Identify a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in Bihar.

Answer: The Nalanda Mahavihara is recognized as a World Heritage Site.

Education & Sports

26. Which institute is regarded as the premier engineering college of Bihar?

Answer: National Institute of Technology (NIT), Patna.

27. Name the oldest university in Bihar.

Answer: Patna University, established in 1917.

28. Which sport is exceptionally popular in rural Bihar?

Answer: Kabaddi, especially the Kurash form played during local fairs.

29. Who is a celebrated cricketer from Bihar?

Answer: Prithvi Shaw, born in Jammu but raised and schooled in Patna.

30. Which stadium hosts the annual Patna International Hockey Tournament?

Answer: Patna Hockey Stadium, located near the Mahavir Mandir.

Important Data (202324)

Population: ~124 million (5th most populous Indian state).
Literacy Rate: 71.3% (Census 2011, latest estimate).
Per Capita Income: Approximately78,000 per annum.
Human Development Index: 0.581 (ranking 31st among Indian states).

Quick Quiz Test Your Knowledge

Try answering the following without looking back at the text:

What is the name of the river that caused massive floods in 2008?
Which district is famous for Sikki grass handicrafts?
Who was the first woman to become a judge of the Patna High Court?
What is the state animal of Bihar?
Which ancient stupa, a UNESCO site, is located near Vaishali?

Answers can be found in standard Bihar GK books or on official government portals.